蜀科低速冷凍離心機系列，主要是應用于生化制品、科技研究、食品安全、醫藥衛生、血站、醫藥科技教育和生產部門分子生化、環衛等行業，現把多年來在低(di)速冷凍離心(xin)機設(she)備維修中(zhong)遇到的問題現象和維修方法(fa)進(jin)行總結(jie)。

1．問題一

1.1問題現象

離心機不轉(zhuan)，轉(zhuan)速達不到設(she)定值。

1.2分析與修理(li)

低速冷凍離心機不(bu)(bu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)達不(bu)(bu)到設定值的要素有(you)以下(xia)3種情(qing)況：（1）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路有(you)些缺(que)(que)點(dian)。要，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線、插(cha)座、插(cha)頭、變阻(zu)器(qi)（WH118，3.3 kΩ，2 W）、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)（HH52P，HH53P）等易壞(huai)部(bu)件(jian)進行修理。然(ran)后(hou)(hou)，檢(jian)查(cha)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源今(jin)后(hou)(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路、空(kong)氣開(kai)關(guan)、整流器(qi)、濾(lv)波器(qi)、變壓器(qi)（OUT18V，3 A），直電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)有(you)些。（2）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)自身缺(que)(que)點(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)是(shi)離(li)心(xin)機(ji)的要部(bu)件(jian)之一，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)分為帶碳刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)和無(wu)碳刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)。該離(li)心(xin)機(ji)是(shi)帶碳刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)，現在大多數電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)都是(shi)無(wu)碳刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)達不(bu)(bu)到設定轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)，要檢(jian)查(cha)軸(zhou)承，需(xu)(xu)更(geng)換時(shi)就更(geng)換，需(xu)(xu)要維護(hu)時(shi)（比(bi)如加注潤(run)滑油和清潔時(shi)）就維護(hu)。然(ran)后(hou)(hou)，檢(jian)查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)整流子和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)匹配、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)磨損是(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)兇猛、是(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)需(xu)(xu)要更(geng)換等。（3）轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)控制有(you)些缺(que)(que)點(dian)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)控制系統有(you)一個集成芯(xin)片（CW7815C III9501）能保(bao)證離(li)心(xin)機(ji)安全(quan)準(zhun)確的工作，假如轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)缺(que)(que)點(dian)打(da)掃以上(shang)要素，可更(geng)換芯(xin)片或(huo)許控制面板。

2．問(wen)題(ti)二(er)

2.1問題現象

離心機溫(wen)度(du)控制失靈，雖能(neng)制冷(leng)但(dan)是不能(neng)設定(ding)溫(wen)度(du)。

2.2分(fen)析與修理

離(li)心(xin)機(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度失靈的(de)要素要有(you)(you)2個：（1）溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)面(mian)(mian)板(ban)缺點；（2）傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)缺點。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度是冷(leng)凍(dong)離(li)心(xin)機(ji)(ji)一(yi)個主要的(de)參(can)數，因(yin)為有(you)(you)些樣品(pin)（比如細胞、蛋白質(zhi)等）在(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)環境下(xia)會被損壞，離(li)心(xin)機(ji)(ji)在(zai)高(gao)速工作下(xia)就(jiu)會發作能(neng)量，所以(yi)有(you)(you)必(bi)要運用制(zhi)冷(leng)系(xi)統對離(li)心(xin)樣品(pin)進行(xing)降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，使(shi)其離(li)心(xin)環境保持在(zai)必(bi)定的(de)規劃以(yi)內（比如1～10℃）。打開(kai)機(ji)(ji)箱蓋，檢查溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)面(mian)(mian)板(ban)電壓(ya)，12 V和6 V電壓(ya)正常。懷疑溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)（ICL7107CPL L9646）反常，剛好有(you)(you)一(yi)個從(cong)報廢(fei)舊機(ji)(ji)器(qi)拆下(xia)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)芯(xin)片(pian)(pian)（ICL7107CPL 58840），更換(huan)后離(li)心(xin)機(ji)(ji)缺點打掃，機(ji)(ji)器(qi)恢復(fu)正常。若傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)缺點致使(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度丈(zhang)量不準(zhun)確，差錯數據致使(shi)隨意開(kai)關制(zhi)冷(leng)系(xi)統，則有(you)(you)必(bi)要更換(huan)包裹在(zai)離(li)心(xin)機(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)體外圍(wei)內的(de)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)。

3．問題三

3.1問題(ti)現象

離心(xin)機溫度設置(zhi)正(zheng)常但是不能制冷(leng)。

3.2分(fen)析(xi)與修(xiu)理

分(fen)析能正(zheng)常設定(ding)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)但是不(bu)制冷(leng)要素有2種情況：（1）打(da)掃(sao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)控制面板缺(que)(que)點(dian)，懷疑制冷(leng)系統缺(que)(que)點(dian)，因為運用(yong)人員反映該(gai)離心機(ji)近來幾天制冷(leng)效果差，檢查后發(fa)現空氣壓(ya)縮機(ji)內的氟(fu)利昂太(tai)少(shao)致使降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)效果欠好(hao)。給壓(ya)縮機(ji)加注氟(fu)利昂，缺(que)(que)點(dian)打(da)掃(sao)。（2）傳感器缺(que)(que)點(dian)，缺(que)(que)點(dian)二已經敘說，不(bu)再贅言。