是常用來分離血清,血漿,沉淀蛋白質或作尿沉渣檢查的儀器設備。利用醫用離心機可使混合液中的懸浮微粒快速沉淀,借以分離比重不同的各種物質成分。在實際工作中,由于醫用離心機開(kai)(kai)啟、停(ting)止頻繁使用時間相對集中,電(dian)機與機械磨損、消耗大,如(ru)果不(bu)能按時定(ding)期做好(hao)維修保養工作,易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)停(ting)機不(bu)轉或轉速(su)慢(man)的故障(zhang),直(zhi)接影(ying)響(xiang)工作的正常開(kai)(kai)展。下面(mian)對醫用離心機停(ting)機不(bu)轉或轉慢(man)故障(zhang)進行詳(xiang)細分(fen)析：

當醫用離心機出(chu)現停機(ji)不(bu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)或(huo)(huo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速慢的故障(zhang)(zhang)時,先要(yao)排除(chu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源部分(fen)故障(zhang)(zhang)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)(xian)斷(duan)(duan)脫(tuo),插頭、插座(zuo)接(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang),軸承損(sun)壞或(huo)(huo)定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)短(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)或(huo)(huo)斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)以及(ji)燒毀等(deng)。其次就是(shi)(shi)由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)開路(lu)(lu)(lu),即轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)上整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)之間(jian)不(bu)相吻(wen)合(he),接(jie)觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)造(zao)成的。因(yin)為醫(yi)用(yong)離(li)心機(ji)上使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)一般(ban)都是(shi)(shi)串(chuan)激(ji)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)。它是(shi)(shi)由定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)兩部分(fen)組成。定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)由鐵(tie)(tie)芯及(ji)磁(ci)場(chang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)構成集中式的固定(ding)磁(ci)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)由鐵(tie)(tie)芯及(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)組成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)把(ba)定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)經(jing)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)聯接(jie)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的關鍵器件。串(chuan)激(ji)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源經(jing)定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)場(chang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)、經(jing)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan),再由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)、定(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)場(chang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)回到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源,從(cong)而構成回路(lu)(lu)(lu)。磁(ci)場(chang)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)(shi)由整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)串(chuan)聯的。線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)各(ge)處的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)相等(deng),所以只有(you)保(bao)證(zheng)串(chuan)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)暢(chang)通(tong)無阻,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)才能按要(yao)求的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速正常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。由此可見,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)狀況直接(jie)影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的正常運(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan),但是(shi)(shi)由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)在與(yu)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之間(jian)的接(jie)觸(chu)中,磨損(sun)、消耗或(huo)(huo)者彈簧失效等(deng)原因(yin),容易造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)開路(lu)(lu)(lu)與(yu)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)脫(tuo)離(li)接(jie)觸(chu),是(shi)(shi)造(zao)成離(li)心機(ji)停機(ji)或(huo)(huo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速慢故障(zhang)(zhang)的主要(yao)原因(yin)。

解決方法是對醫用離心機電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)盒進行(xing)清潔處理,檢查電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)情況。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)磨(mo)(mo)損(sun)后的(de)長度(du)小于10ｍｍ時,應(ying)更換同(tong)規格的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)。更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的(de)方法是(shi):旋開電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)盒蓋,取(qu)出舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)。如果舊(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)上(shang)的(de)彈(dan)簧(huang)完好(hao),可(ke)將(jiang)它取(qu)下,重新接在新電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)上(shang)。若(ruo)彈(dan)簧(huang)失效(xiao)或損(sun)壞,則應(ying)同(tong)時更換彈(dan)簧(huang),然后對正方向(xiang),按原(yuan)樣(yang)裝回盒內(nei),使電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)在盒內(nei)自(zi)由落下,松緊合適,再將(jiang)盒蓋旋緊。卸下轉盤,將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)的(de)轉速(su)調大(da),讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)空載運(yun)行(xing),這時轉速(su)會很高,數(shu)分鐘(zhong)后便(bian)可(ke)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的(de)端面(mian)與整(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)子(zi)外沿相吻合。這時即可(ke)停機(ji)(ji),再拆開電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji),用細砂紙除去整(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)子(zi)表面(mian)的(de)氧化物(wu),并用毛刷(shua)或干布將(jiang)整(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)子(zi)上(shang)的(de)炭粉磁(ci)粒(li)消(xiao)除干凈(jing)。后將(jiang)機(ji)(ji)器復原(yuan)即可(ke)。

為(wei)保(bao)證離心機正(zheng)常運轉,應當(dang)認真(zhen)做好(hao)預防性維護保(bao)養工作。應定(ding)期（半年或一年）檢查整(zheng)流子和電(dian)刷的(de)磨損(sun)情況。及時(shi)消(xiao)除(chu)整(zheng)流子表面(mian)碳粉污(wu)物,延長電(dian)刷使用壽命。對于損(sun)壞的(de)器(qi)件,如電(dian)刷、彈(dan)簧等要及時(shi)更換,保(bao)證離心機處(chu)于良好(hao)的(de)運轉狀態。

注：四川蜀科儀器有限公司是研發、制造，銷售醫用系列產品的制造廠家。產品現有：高速離心機，低速離心機，大容量離心機，等，并可根據客戶需求訂做特殊用途離心機。產(chan)品廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)農業科(ke)學、生物工程、食品、化工、制(zhi)藥、、血站、檢(jian)疫、疾控、環保等科(ke)研和生產(chan)單位。